洪都拉斯白蝙蝠（Ectophylla alba）有雪白色的毛皮和一個黃色的鼻子和耳朵。它很小，只有3.7-4.7厘米長。Ectophylla中的唯一成員，它們是生活在洪都拉斯，尼加拉瓜，哥斯達黎加和巴拿馬西部低地雨林到高海拔700米.部分的食物是水果為主.
The Honduran white bat (Ectophylla alba) has snow white fur and a yellow nose and ears. It is tiny, only 3.7-4.7 cm long. The only member of the genus Ectophylla, it is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and western Panama at elevations from sea level to 700 m.It feeds at least in part on fruit.
由於洪都拉斯白蝙蝠主要居住在蕉葉，雨林的破壞是一個嚴重的威脅。對於這個物種的生存，在中美洲的低地熱帶雨林，蕉葉必須保持生存,白蝙蝠才可以生存.
Since Honduran white bats live mainly under heliconia leaves, rainforest destruction is a serious threat. For this species to survive, rainforests in the Central American lowlands that have heliconia must remain standing.
洪都拉斯白蝙蝠,喜歡建自己的巢在芭蕉或香蕉樹的樹葉中央部分,喜歡把又大又寬的葉子中央咬斷,成倒V形的“帳篷”,他們守在這個帳篷的頂部,約超過6隻以上,包括一名男性和女性們的"后宮--女性居住領域".
The Honduran white bat cuts the side veins extending out from the midrib of the large leave of the Heliconia plant causing them to fold down to form a 'tent'. They cling to the roof of this tent in small colonies of up to half a dozen individuals, consisting of one male and a harem of females.
帳篷保護他們免受雨水和掠食者(負鼠，蛇和其他食肉類動物).他們的帳篷通常是低到地面（約6英尺），太陽光通過樹葉,它們白色皮毛,會變為綠色,成為一個好偽裝.在哥斯達黎加的研究人員報導，洪都拉斯白蝙蝠,當他們的帳篷主莖被打擾,它們才飛走.白蝙蝠是拉丁美洲15種"帳篷"蝙蝠中一種,其他3種來自印度和東南亞.
The tent protects them from rain and predators (opossums, snakes and other carnivorous animals). Most tent-making bats take flight at even slight disturbances, but researchers in Costa Rica have reported that Honduran white bats take flight only when the main stem of their tent is disturbed, possibly because they are well camouflaged. Although their tents are typically low to the ground (about six feet), sunlight filters through the leaf which gives their white fur a greenish cast. This almost completely conceals them if they remain still. Honduran white bats are one of 15 species of Latin American bats that roost in tents. In the Old World, 3 species of bat from India and Southeast Asia are known to roost in tents.
吸花蜜的管唇蝙蝠Tube-lipped nectar bat
吸花蜜的管唇蝙蝠（Anoura fistulata）是一個於2005年首次被描述的蝙蝠從厄瓜多爾.種名"Fistulata"來自拉丁詞“瘺”，意思是“管”.它指的是蝙蝠的下唇，延伸超出上唇和3.3-4.8毫米卷成漏斗形狀.
The tube-lipped nectar bat (Anoura fistulata) is a bat from Ecuador that was first described in 2005.The species name fistulata is derived from the Latin word "fistula", meaning "tube". It refers to the bat's lower lip, which extends 3.3–4.8 mm beyond the upper lip and is rolled into a funnel shape.
管唇的確切功能是未知的。但這蝙蝠有最長的舌頭，與其他哺乳動物相比舌頭相對（8.5厘米）,它的舌頭是身體的長度150％.
The exact function of the tube-lip is unknown. The bat has the longest tongue (8.5 cm) relative to its body size of any mammal. Its tongue is 150% the size of its overall body length.
資料..進化的穿山甲,巨型食蟻獸和管唇花蜜蝙蝠都是一樣,舌頭不附在其舌骨,是延長通過喉嚨去到胸部,所以舌頭是附介於胸骨和氣管之間,
By convergent evolution pangolins, the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and the tube-lipped nectar bat all have tongues that are detached from their hyoid bone and extend past their pharynx deep into the thorax.This extension lies between the sternum and the trachea.
左：吸花蜜的管唇蝙蝠 右：正常花蜜蝙蝠
常見的吸血蝙蝠..
吸血蝙蝠常見的地區是在墨西哥，中美洲和南美洲的熱帶區.蝙蝠是唯一能飛的哺乳動物，但是吸血蝙蝠有一個特別的區別，他們是唯一完全以血液為食物.
The common vampire bat is found in the tropics of Mexico, Central America, and South America.
Bats are the only mammals that can fly, but vampire bats have an even more interesting distinction—they are the only mammals that feed entirely on blood.
常見的吸血蝙蝠常出現在夜晚最黑暗的時刻，打獵。睡覺的牛和馬都是受害者.蝙蝠喝受害者的血液，約30分鐘。他們不吸取太多的血液來損害他們的受害者，但它們的叮咬可以導致討厭的感染和疾病。吸血蝙蝠多從地面侵襲受害者。他們在獵物附近著陸,使用自己的四肢靠近.
During the darkest part of the night, common vampire bats emerge to hunt. Sleeping cattle and horses are their usual victims. The bats drink their victim's blood for about 30 minutes. They don't remove enough blood to harm their host, but their bites can cause nasty infections and disease.Vampire bats strike their victims from the ground. They land near their prey and approach it on all fours.
使用自己的四肢走路
標本照片
常見的吸血蝙蝠使用它的犬齒和頰齒,像一個理髮店的刀 片，剃了受害者毛髮。蝙蝠鋒利的上門牙，切了為7mm長和8mm深的傷口.蝙蝠的唾液，留在受害者的傷口，唾液中含有一些化合物,抑制血液凝固的抗凝血劑,防止傷口附近的血管收縮及血液凝固,蝙蝠可以從傷口中能得到更多的血液供應.
If there is fur on the skin of the host, the common vampire bat uses its canine and cheek teeth like a barber's blades to shave away the hairs.The bat's razor-sharp upper incisor teeth then make a 7mm long and 8mm deep cut.The bat's saliva , left in the victim's resulting bite wound, has a key function in feeding from the wound
發表於 2013-9-28 06:32 AM
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